Unit 1, 1.7

Assignment 1.7

Task 1) 

Potato:

• Noun
• Potatoes
• The edible tuber of a cultivated plant
• The etymology of ‘potato’ is Spanish in the 1500s

Luddite:

• Noun
• Luddites
• A member of any of various bands of workers in England (1811–16) organized to destroy manufacturing machinery, under the belief that its use diminished employment
• The etymology of ‘luddite’ is English in the late 1700s-1800s

Habit:

• Noun
• Habits
• A particular practice, custom, or usage
• Mid 1300s

Gypsy:

• Noun
• Gypsies
• A member of a nomadic, Caucasoid people of generally swarthy complexion, who migrated originally from India, settling in various parts of Asia, Europe, and, most recently, North America
• Middle English 1500s

Gang:

• Noun
• Gangs
• A group of youngsters or adolescents who associate closely, often exclusively, for social reasons, especially such a group engaging in delinquent behavior.
• First attested in 1919

Thug:

• Noun
• Thugs
• A cruel or vicious ruffian, robber, or murderer.
• Originally ‘phanseegur’ from English in 1665

Autobiography:

• Noun
• Autobiographies
• A history of a person’s life written or told by that person.
• 1797 English

My own 5 words, dog, love, shoe, hair, light.

Dog:

• Noun
• Dogs
• A domesticated canid, Canis familiaris,  bred in many varieties.
• Originally ‘hund in Old English 1500s

Love:

• Noun
• Loves
• To delight in, show love to.
• 1937 German 

Shoe: 

• Noun
• Shoes
• In reference to horses 
• 1767 Old english 

Hair: 

• Noun
• Hairs 
• "To stand out" 
• 1850 in Pliny 

Light 

• Adj. 
• Lights
• "Not heavy"
• 1520s, Old english 

Task 2) 

Balaclava Named after village near Sebastopol, Russia. The term does not appear before 1881 and seems to have come into widespread use in the Boer War. The town name (Balaklava) often is associated with Turkey and the known dessert.

Wellingtons – A boot so called from 1817, for Arthur, 1st Duke of Wellington (1769-1852), who also in had a unique style with his coats, hats and pants. 

Sandwich - 1762, often used to refer to John Montagu, Fourth Earl Sandwich, who was said to be an inveterate gambler who ate slices of cold meat between bread at the gaming table during marathon sessions rather than get up for a proper meal.

Advent- Advent is a word from Middle English and of Latin origin that means the coming or arrival, particularly of something that is tremendously important.

Task 3) 

Prefix- An affix  placed before a word, base, or another prefix to modify a term’s meaning, as by making the term negative, as un-  in ‘unkind’,  by signaling repetition, as re-  in ‘reinvent’,  or by indicating support, as pro-  in ‘proabolition’.

Suffix- An affix that follows the element to which it is added, as -ly  in kindly.

Root- A word or word element (that is, a morpheme) from which other words grow, usually through the addition of prefixes and suffixes.

Task 4) 

Prefix ‘Auto’- Element of self, meaning oneself

Prefix ‘Bio’- Form of bios one’s life, course or way of living, lifetime.

Suffix ‘Graphy’ – Word-forming element meaning “process of writing or recording” or “a writing, recording, or description.

Task 5) 

Car- The word car is from the Latin word "carrus" which translates to a wheeled vehicle. Meanwhile automobile comes from the Ancient Greek word "αὐτός" and the Latin word "mobilis". Combining these two means a vehcile that moves itself. 

Television- The word television consists of the Latin word "Viso" meaning sight and the Greek prefix "Tele" which means distance. 

Task 6)

  Boomerang- 1827, adapted from an extinct Aboriginal languages of New South Wales, Australia. Another variant may have been wo-mur-rang, the verb is from 1880. This may have entered the english language after the aboriginals entered Canada. 

Juggernaut- “huge wagon bearing an image of the god Krishna,” especially that at the town of Puri, drawn annually in procession in which devotees allowed themselves to be crushed under its wheels in sacrifice. This may have entered the english language through the Europeans. 

 Malady- late 13c., from O.Fr. maladie “sickness, illness, disease. Malady may have been welcomed into the English language from the french "Maladie." 

Calypso- sea nymph in the “Odyssey,” lit. “hidden, hider” (perhaps originally a death goddess) from Gk. kalyptein “to cover, conceal." Calypso was probably introduced into the English language through the Greek.

Candy- late 13c., “crystalized sugar,” from O.Fr. çucre candi “sugar candy” ultimately from Arabic qandi, from Pers. qand cane sugar. This was most likely introduced into the English language through the migration of the word "çucre candi" across Europe to the French.

Anorak- Eskimo’s waterproof, hooded jacket, 1924, from Greenland Eskimo anoraq. Applied to Western imitations of this garment from 1930s. In British slang, “socially inept person” (Partridge associates it with a fondness for left-wing politics and pirate radio) by 1983, on the notion that that sort of person typically wears this sort of coat. The English language  was probably introduced to this word after the first interacted with the Eskimos. 

Pyjamas- 1800, pai jamahs “loose trousers tied at the waist,” worn by Muslims in India and adopted by Europeans there, especially for nightwear, from Hindi pajama, probably from Pers. paejamah, lit. “leg clothing,” from pae “leg”  Modern spelling (U.S.) is from 1845. British spelling tends toward pyjamas. Pyjamas was most likely welcomed into the English language after the Muslim culture was accepted and embraced in numerous areas in Europe.